Portugal Country Guide
Your Complete Guide to Moving, Living & Working in Portugal
Important: This guide provides essential information for individuals and families relocating to the Portuguese Republic. Portugal offers a warm climate, affordable cost of living, welcoming culture, excellent healthcare, and diverse landscapes—from coastal beaches to historic cities and countryside villages. Visa types, residency rules and administrative processes change frequently. Always verify details on official Portuguese government websites before planning your move.
Home To Home Relocations supports clients across Toronto, the GTA and Ontario with international moves to Portugal, including export packing, air/ocean shipping, customs documentation and final delivery to major Portuguese cities such as Lisbon, Porto, Faro, Coimbra, Braga, Aveiro and Madeira.
1. Before You Move to Portugal
1.1 Visa Types & Residence Permits
Non-EU nationals require a visa for long-term stays and a residence permit after arrival. Common visa categories include:
- Work Visa for employment-based relocation
- D7 Visa (Passive Income Visa) for retirees and remote workers with steady income
- D2 Visa for entrepreneurs and business owners
- Student Visa
- Family Reunification Visa
- Golden Visa for qualifying investments (recently restructured)
Official sources:
1.2 Working in Portugal
Employment visas require a job contract or employer sponsorship. Major industries include tourism, IT, renewable energy, customer service, agriculture, research and education.
1.3 Studying in Portugal
Portugal offers well-regarded universities such as the University of Lisbon, University of Porto and University of Coimbra. International students require a study visa and later a residence permit.
1.4 Housing & Accommodation
Portugal has seen rising housing demand in cities like Lisbon and Porto. Requirements often include:
- Proof of income or employment
- Identification and visa approval
- Security deposit (usually 2 months)
- Portuguese bank account for rent payments
1.5 Banking & Finances
Portugal uses the Euro (EUR). Opening a bank account usually requires a NIF (Número de Identificação Fiscal), passport, proof of address and residency documents.
1.6 Healthcare System
Portugal has a strong public healthcare system (SNS) and many private options. After obtaining residency, many newcomers register with the SNS for public healthcare access.
1.7 Key Documents to Prepare Before Moving
- Passport valid for at least 6 months
- Visa approval documentation
- Financial proof (income or savings)
- Accommodation confirmation
- Birth/marriage certificates for dependants
- Police clearance certificate (may be required for some visas)
2. Your First Weeks in Portugal
2.1 Apply for Your Residence Permit (AIMA / SEF)
After arrival, visa holders must finalise their residence permit appointment with AIMA (formerly SEF). Appointments may require biometric data, financial documents and proof of health insurance.
2.2 Obtain a NIF (Tax Number)
A NIF is required for banking, housing, utilities, employment and many administrative processes.
2.3 Register for Healthcare
Residents can register with the public healthcare system and obtain a utente number for SNS services.
2.4 Opening a Bank Account
Most banks require your passport, NIF, proof of address and potentially your residence permit (or appointment confirmation).
3. Portugal at a Glance
3.1 Regions & Geography
Portugal includes distinct regions such as Lisbon, Porto & North, Algarve, Alentejo, Central Portugal, Madeira and the Azores. Each offers unique landscapes, climate and lifestyle.
3.2 Politics & Economy
Portugal is a democratic republic and EU member. Major economic sectors include tourism, real estate, renewables, agriculture, technology and textiles.
3.3 Climate & Weather
Portugal has a Mediterranean climate: warm summers, mild winters and abundant sunshine, especially in the Algarve.
4. Why Many Canadians Choose Portugal
- Mild climate and year-round sunshine
- Lower cost of living compared to Western Europe
- Friendly and welcoming culture
- High-quality healthcare system
- Safe cities and relaxed lifestyle
- Growing expat communities
5. Housing, Cost of Living & Daily Life
Daily life in Portugal emphasises outdoor living, food, community and family. Popular choices for newcomers include Lisbon, Porto, Cascais, Algarve and Madeira. Expect common living costs such as:
- Utilities (electricity, water, internet)
- Transportation passes and toll roads
- School or daycare fees
- Private healthcare (if required)
6. Transportation & Getting Around
6.1 Public Transport
Lisbon and Porto have efficient metro, tram and bus networks. Most regional cities rely on buses and trains.
6.2 National Rail Network
Portugal’s train system, operated by CP (Comboios de Portugal), links major cities and regions, including high-speed Alfa Pendular services.
6.3 Driving in Portugal
Portugal drives on the right-hand side. Some toll roads use electronic toll systems. Depending on your nationality, your foreign licence may need to be exchanged after residency.
7. Culture, Lifestyle & Places to Visit
7.1 Everyday Culture
- Relaxed lifestyle with strong emphasis on family and community
- Dining culture includes long meals and late dinners
- Strong traditions in music (fado), cuisine and festivals
- High English proficiency in major cities
7.2 Major Cities & Attractions
- Lisbon: Historic districts, trams, viewpoints
- Porto: Douro River, wine cellars, bridges
- Madeira: Stunning nature, levada walks
- Algarve: Beaches, coastal cliffs and warm climate
- Sintra: Palaces and UNESCO sites